Peri-implantitis
Evolution of peri-implantitis: (a) good peri-implant health; (b) peri-implant mucositis; (c) peri-implantitis
1. What is peri-implantitis?
Peri-implantitis is the progressive loss of the peri-implant bone (Latin for "around") as a result of an inflammatory reaction. This infectious disease is caused by bacteria that enter the cavity between the dental implant and the gum.
2. Before peri-implantitis, peri-implant mucositis
Peri-implantitis is preceded by peri-implant mucositis, which affects only the soft tissue, leaving the bone tissue intact. To prevent it from progressing to peri-implantitis, please see your dentist if you have red, swollen gums that bleed to the touch. It is not necessarily painful.
3. What are the symptoms of peri-implantitis?
The characteristic signs of peri-implantitis are
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the presence of plaque
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the presence of pus
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bad breath and/or bad taste in the mouth
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inflammation of the peri-implant mucosa (swelling of the gums)
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increased sensitivity
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shrinkage of the gum tissue until the implant is visible
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dull pain or fever
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bleeding during a probing test at the implantologist's office, indicating the presence of signs of active inflammation
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in an advanced stage of the disease, mobility of the implant possibly due to pus creation (suppuration) and/or bone loss around the implant (visible on X-ray)
Untreated, it can lead to the loss of the implant.
4. What causes peri-implantitis?
The main causes of peri-implantitis are
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poor oral hygiene which can lead to the development of plaque encouraging pathogenic germs
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an excess of cement in the case of cemented prostheses (we only place screwed prostheses in order to avoid this problem)
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the implant itself, in particular its design, its surface condition, the material (we only place Swiss implants of the Straumann brand)
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a history of periodontitis
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bruxism (unconscious jaw movement, either clenching or lateral movement, e.g. grinding of teeth) adding pressure to the implant
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systemic diseases such as diabetes or osteoporosis
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smoking
Other links that might also interest you
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Bone graft
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Periodontal diseases